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BN | 快速消费品行业的地域供应限制:欧盟委员会征询证据对跨境意味着什么

 作者：本站编辑  2026-03-28 18:31:05  0

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欧盟委员会近日就快速消费品行业的地域供应限制（TSCs）启动了证据征询。这释放了一个明确信号：布鲁塞尔方面正认真着手解决那些阻碍单一市场有效运行的商业做法。

简单来说，地域供应限制指的是制造商限制零售商在某一成员国可获得的产品或包装规格，或者附加一些条件，从而在欧盟内部变相形成国别分割。零售商和消费者团体多年来一直在抱怨，这种做法导致价格上涨、选择减少，尤其是在较小或边缘市场。此次欧盟委员会的举措延续了2025年《单一市场战略》，该战略将地域供应限制列为阻碍商品真正自由流通的“十大顽疾”之一。

对于快速消费品行业的企业而言，这不仅仅是一次例行咨询。它可能重塑分销协议的撰写方式、跨境定价机制以及供应链的构建模式。如果您正在使用选择性分销或独家分销网络，那么现在正是审视自身安排的关键时刻——待欧盟委员会决定下一步行动（无论是出台新指引、加强执法，还是制定立法）后，这些安排将如何被看待，值得提前关注。

现实影响十分直接。限制产品范围、调整包装规格或按地域设定不同价格的条款，将面临更严格的审查。制造商需要拿出充分的正当理由——比如当地法规、真实的消费者偏好或实际物流问题——而不能再仅仅以保护价格差异为由。在多个国家运营的零售商，可能会获得真正的议价能力，要求获得欧盟全系产品。而这一动向与现有的平行贸易竞争规则以及《纵向协议集体豁免条例》紧密相关。

在澳门，这一问题尤为切题。葡萄牙的零售商以及较小市场的消费者长期以来深受其影响，我们的许多客户也将葡萄牙作为进入欧盟的门户。相关规则的任何收紧，都可能直接波及这些架构。澳门的企业集团应密切关注此事。

征询目前正在进行中——提交建设性意见的企业，将有机会真正影响未来的政策走向。

BN Lawyers 能提供哪些帮助？

BN Lawyers 的“企业运营”与“奢侈品牌法律”业务团队，为客户提供分销协议的结构设计与审查服务，确保符合欧盟竞争法及《纵向协议集体豁免条例》的要求。对于以澳门为平台、通过葡萄牙进入欧洲市场的企业，我们提供覆盖两地的综合法律支持。我们的团队可协助：审查现有分销安排中的竞争法风险，就符合欧盟单一市场规则的跨境供应协议结构提供咨询，准备向欧盟咨询及监管程序提交的材料，以及为快速消费品及奢侈品分销网络制定合规方案。我们具备葡萄牙语、中文及英语的三语能力，能够为中国—葡萄牙—欧盟走廊的客户提供全面支持。

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English version

The European Commission has just opened a call for evidence on territorial supply constraints (TSCs) in the fast-moving consumer goods sector. It's a clear signal that Brussels is serious about tackling practices that keep the Single Market from working as it should.

Put simply, TSCs happen when manufacturers restrict the products or pack sizes retailers in one Member State can access, or when they add conditions that quietly carve the EU up along national lines. Retailers and consumer groups have been complaining for years that this leads to higher prices and less choice, especially in smaller or peripheral markets. The Commission's move follows the 2025 Single Market Strategy, which flagged TSCs as one of the "Terrible Ten" barriers still holding back genuine free movement of goods.

For companies in the FMCG space, this isn't just another consultation box to tick. It could reshape how distribution agreements are written, how pricing works across borders, and how supply chains are structured. If you use selective or exclusive distribution networks, now is the time to look closely at how your arrangements might be viewed once the Commission decides on next steps—whether that means new guidelines, enforcement, or even legislation.

The real-world impact is straightforward. Clauses that limit product ranges, tweak packaging, or set different prices by territory will face sharper scrutiny. Manufacturers will need solid justifications—local rules, genuine consumer preferences, or real logistical issues—rather than simply protecting price gaps. Retailers operating in several countries could gain real leverage to demand the full EU range. And this sits squarely alongside existing competition rules on parallel trade and the Vertical Block Exemption Regulation.

Here in Macau, the angle is particularly relevant. Portuguese retailers and consumers in smaller markets have often felt the pinch, and many of our clients use Portugal as their gateway into the EU. Any tightening of the rules could ripple straight through those structures. Macau-based groups should watch this closely.

The call is open right now—businesses that submit thoughtful input have a genuine chance to shape what comes next.

How can BN Lawyers Help?

BN Lawyers' Running Your Business and Luxury Brands Law practices advise clients on the structuring and review of distribution agreements to ensure compliance with EU competition law and the Vertical Block Exemption Regulation. For businesses using Macau as a platform to access the European market through Portugal, we provide integrated legal support covering both jurisdictions. Our team assists with reviewing existing distribution arrangements for competition law risks, advising on the structuring of cross-border supply agreements that comply with EU Single Market rules, preparing submissions to EU consultations and regulatory proceedings, and developing compliance programmes for FMCG and luxury goods distribution networks. Our trilingual capabilities in Portuguese, Chinese, and English enable us to support clients across the China-Portugal-EU corridor.

Legal Disclaimer

This publication is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. The information contained herein should not be relied upon as a substitute for specific legal counsel. BN Lawyers assumes no responsibility for any actions taken or not taken based on the information provided in this publication. Readers should seek professional legal advice before making any decisions based on the content of this publication.

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