· Haolaibao ·
好来宝
基本介绍
Basic Introduction
好来宝，又叫“好力宝”。意译为“连起来唱”或“串起来唱”，它是蒙古族曲艺之一；是一种由一个人或者多人无伴奏或以四弦胡等乐器自行伴奏，用蒙古族语言进行“说唱”的表演形式。产生于公元十二世纪前后，有近800年的历史，千百年来在草原、农村广泛流传。好来宝多是即兴创作，唱词近于民歌，都是押头韵，但尾韵却具有自己的独特风格，那就是最具典型的一词重叠。这种同一词语的反复出现，多是名词性的醒目标题，如英雄的名字、特定的地点等。
Haolaibao, also known as "Haolibao". Translated as "singing together" or "strung together to sing", it is one of the Mongolian folk arts; it is a form of performance in Mongolian language where one or more the public perform rap without accompaniment or with instruments. Originating around the 12th century AD, it has a history of nearly 800 years and has been widely spread in grasslands and rural areas for thousands of years. Haolaibao is often improvised, with lyrics similar to folk songs and rhymes at the beginning, but the ending has its own unique style, which is repeating a word or a sound. The repeated appearance of the same word is often a prominent noun title, such as the name of a hero, a specific location, etc.
风格特点
Style Characteristics
好来宝的风格轻松幽默，节奏明快，奇巧变幻，饶有趣味。语言形象生动，韵律也比较自由。它既有别于一般的歌谣，又不同于严格、凝练、含蓄的诗歌，多以四胡伴奏演唱，是辩材与诗韵的结合，富于知识性、娱乐性。说起来滔滔不绝，唱起来你来我往，往往和音乐相互交融。根据不同的唱词可配以相应的曲调，有的轻松舒缓，如泉水叮咚；有的迅急猛烈，似紧锣密鼓。民间艺人游走四方，凡到一处坐定，总要先演唱一段好来宝助兴，然后开始长篇的说书、讲义。在喜庆的节日和盛大的“那达慕”大会上，带有竞赛性的好来宝对唱，很能吸引观众，渲染出热烈、红火的气氛。
Hao Lai Bao's style is light hearted and humorous, with a lively rhythm, clever and ever-changing, and full of fun. The language is vivid and the rhythm is relatively free. It is not only different from ordinary songs, but also from strict, concise, and implicit poetry. It is often sung with the accompaniment of the Sihu (which has four strings), and is a combination of argumentative materials and poetic charm, rich in knowledge and entertainment. Speak endlessly, sing back and forth, often blending with music. According to different lyrics, corresponding melodies can be matched, some are relaxed and soothing, such as the ding dong of spring water; some are fast and fierce, as if they are beating drums. Folk artists travel around the world, and whenever they come to a place to sit still, they always sing a section of Haolaibao to cheer them up, and then begin a long storytelling and lecture. At festive festivals and grand "Nadam" events, the competitive duet of Haolaibao can attract audiences and create a lively and bustling atmosphere.
分类
Classifications
好来宝的分类为四种：
１．当海好来宝，参加演唱的人数不定，内容广泛。
２．乌力格尔好来宝，采用一问一答的形式，内容包括历史知识、典故等。
３．代日拉查好来宝，为对歌形式，内容以讽刺、幽默的成分居多。
４．胡仁好来宝，自拉自唱，内容以赞颂为主。好来宝曲目长短不一，篇幅长短伸缩性很大，短则数十行，长则数百行，甚至二人可以对唱数曰。
Haolaibao is classified into four categories:
1. Danghai Haolaibao, the number of people participating in the concert varies and the content is extensive.
2. Wuliger Haolaibao adopts a question and answer format, which includes historical knowledge, allusions, etc.
3. Dairilacha Haolaibao, in the form of a duet, is mainly composed of satirical and humorous elements.
4. Huren Haolaibao, self played and self sung, with praise as the main content. Haolaibao repertoire varies in length, with great flexibility in length, ranging from tens of lines to hundreds of lines, and even two people can sing in pairs for several days.
发展历程
The History of Haolaibao's Development
好来宝走过了曲折的发展历程。如今，它不仅仍在为草原牧人带来温馨和喜悦，也走入了都市文化娱乐圈中。它的形式也在为适应丰富多彩的现代生活而趋于多样化，在原来的单人、双人对口演唱的基础上，又发展出几种集体表演的多人好来宝。曲调也日趋丰富，由单歌式演变为复调式，乐器则从单一的四胡扩大成综合性的乐队。好来宝这种古老的民族传统文艺形式，走向了更加广阔的天地。
Haolaibao has gone through a tortuous development process. Nowadays, it not only brings warmth and joy to grassland herders, but also enters the urban cultural and entertainment circle. Its forms are also becoming more diverse to adapt to the rich and colorful modern life. Meanwhile, on the basis of the original single or double pair singing, several collective performances of multi person Haolaibao have also been developed. The melody is also becoming increasingly diverse, evolving from a single song style to a polyphonic style. What’s more, the instruments have expanded from a single Sihu to a comprehensive band. Haolaibao, an ancient traditional art, has entered a broader world.
【END】
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